10 斯多葛哲学的美好生活指南 |独来读趣

Hi，你好呀，我是MMMolly，今天是2021年12月18日。这是「独来读趣」的第10期。
本期主要内容：
1，A Guide to the Good Life: The Ancient Art of Stoic Joy；
2，哲学就像体育竞技，需要将理论应用于实践

Hi，最近我开始阅读 Stoic 斯多葛哲学的入门书籍 A Guide to the Good Life: The Ancient Art of Stoic Joy，中文版本书名为《像哲学家一样生活》。读了一部分，很多事情豁然开朗。或者说，这与之前所读的 Naval Raivikant 的如何幸福是相通的。比如 Forget all the past. Past means nothing to me.

1，A Guide to the Good Life: The Ancient Art of Stoic Joy

1.1，设定目标，遵循某种生活原则；专注目标，不要分神。

If you lack a grand goal in living, you lack a coherent philosophy of life.
When you are on your deathbed, you will look back and realize that you wasted your one chance at living.
Instead of spending your life pursuing something genuinely valuable, you squandered it because you allowed yourself to be distracted.

Philosophies of life have two components: They tell us what things in life are and aren't worth pursuing, and they tell us how to gain the things that are worth having.
The key to having a good life is to value things that are genuinely valuable and be indifferent to things that lack value.
如果你的生活没有远大目标，那么你缺乏一贯的生活哲理。某天垂然老去，你会后悔，没有浪费了自己仅有一次的「活过」的机会。我们应该去追求真正有价值的事情，而不是被杂事所干扰。

关于这一条，最近深有体会。有时候我会沉浸情绪，是因为我没有明确目标。正如，当你爬山的时候，你的目标明确（登山），你所做的一切都只为了登山这个目标，因此登山过程中你不会有其他杂思念像；而登上山之后，也会收获实在的成就感，顺带也培养了自信。

The biggest mistake, the one made by a huge number of people, is to have no philosophy of life at all. These people feel their way through life by following the promptings of their evolutionary programming, by assiduously seeking out what feels good and avoiding what feels bad. By doing this, they might have a comfortable life or even a life filled with pleasure.
The question remains, however, whether they could have a better life by turning their back on their evolutionary programming and instead devoting time and energy to acquiring a philosophy of life.
很多人的最大问题，就是没有统一一贯的生活哲理，而仅是遵循自己的感受而行事，比如追逐愉悦、回避痛苦。但倘若人们能培养自己生活哲学，他们本能有更好的人生体验。想到了前几年人手一本的达瑞欧的《原则》。

1.2，学会满足于现状，偶尔体验「失去」。

偶尔让自己体验「匮乏/痛苦」（但绝不是自我虐待）。这样，当挫败真正来临的时候，自己更有韧性，更容易接受苦痛。

We're unhappy because we're insatiable. After working hard to get what we want, we lose interest in the object of our desire. Rather than feeling satisfied, we feel a bit bored, and in response to this boredom, we go on to form new, even grander desires.
The easiest way to gain happiness is to want the things you already have.
我们不开心，是因为我们不知足。获得幸福的最简单的方式便是满足于目前所有。

Spend time imagining that you have lost the things you value - that your wife has left you, your car was stolen, you lost your job. Doing this will make you value your wife, your car, and your job more than you otherwise would.

You are living the dream you once had for yourself. Married to the person you once dreamed of marrying, have the children and job you once dreamed of having, and own the car you once dreamed of buying.
You are living in what to your ancestors would have been a dream world. You take for granted things that your ancestors had to live without.
偶尔设想一下，假如你失去了所有珍重的事物。你目前的生活，便是你曾经的梦想生活。（只不过有时候，我们把所拥有的一切视作理所当然，我们没有珍视现有的生活。
类似《怪物史莱克》第四部。此时，史莱克已经过着幸福的生活（家庭美满）。但突然某一天，史莱克开始迷茫“这不是我想要的。希望生活重来”。经历了一番「失去」「复得」的过程，史莱克最终意识到自己的当下便是梦想中的生活。

Besides contemplating bad things happening, sometimes live as if they had happened. Instead of merely thinking about what it would be like to lose your wealth, periodically practice poverty: Content yourself with cheap fare and rough dress.
Periodically experience discomfort that you could have avoided. Underdress for cold weather or go shoeless. Become thirsty or hungry, even though water and food are at hand.

If you periodically experience minor discomforts, you will grow confident that you can withstand major discomforts as well. So you won't fear experiencing such discomforts at some future time.
If you periodically embrace discomfort, you're more likely to be comfortable than someone who tries to avoid all discomfort.
除了「设想会有坏事发生」，偶尔让自己体验「匮乏/苦痛」。比如，天冷少穿衣、吃饭不吃饱。通过这样的体验，让自己能更舒适地面对将来的苦痛。这样，与一直身处舒适圈的人相比，你更有韧性。（这就是哈佛的《幸福心理课》所提到的韧性。遭遇痛苦之时，要有勇气爬起来。

1.3，不要回避令你不悦的人

You cannot simply avoid dealing with annoying people, even though doing so would make your life easier. Nor can you capitulate to these annoying people to avoid discord. Instead, you should confront them and work for the common welfare. Show true love to the people with whom destiny has surrounded you.
Doing your social duty will give you the best chance at having a good life. This is the reward for doing one's duty: a good life.
不要回避让你不悦的人。（当然，回避这些人，会让你的生活更舒适）
直面这些人，与其共存，寻求共同利益。真心对待这些命运带到你身边的人。这就类似你在做「social 作业」，认真做作业/履行职责，社会也会给你回馈：美好生活。

When irritated by someone's shortcomings, pause to reflect on your own shortcomings. Doing this will help you become more empathetic to this individual's faults and therefore become more tolerant of him.

What upsets people is not things themselves but their judgments about these things.

真正影响你的，不是事情本身；而你对事物的看法。

这句话最近深有体会。当某件事情发生，（这是不可控因素，这已经发生），我们唯一能做的是「自己如何反应」。你可以怨天尤人，可以沉浸情绪，也可以寻找可解决的方案，可以选择让这件事对你的影响降到最低。It is all about how you react. 你对事情的回应，才最重要。

1.4，过去都是假的，专注当下。

Refuse to spend time engaging in "if only" thoughts about the past and present.
Do your best to accept the past, whatever it might have been, and to embrace the present, whatever it might be.
Any time and energy spent on events you can't control will have no effect on the outcome of events and will therefore be wasted time and energy.
不要浪费时间时间在你无法控制的事情（如过去、如将来）。不要去想「如果...会怎样」。
尽力接受过去发生的事情，专注当下。（拓展书目：《当下的力量》）

Naval Ravikant 的引言：

THE PRESENT IS ALL WE HAVE
There is actually nothing but this moment. Literally, the only thing that exists is this exact point where you are in space at the exact time you happen to be here.
You’re dying and being reborn at every moment.

I just don’t believe in anything from my past. Anything. No memories. No regrets. No people. No trips. Nothing. A lot of our unhappiness comes from comparing things from the past to the present.

我们唯一所拥有的，就是当下。事实上，唯一的存在便是你在这个时间与空间的此时此刻。每时每刻，你在经历死亡与重生。

我不相信我过去的任何事情。我不想任何过去的事情。没有回忆。没有后悔。没有什么人。没有旅行。什么都没有。

我们的很多不快乐都来自于将现在与过去进行比较。

2，哲学就像体育竞技

最近读到一篇文章，恰好关于Stoic斯多葛哲学。文章讲的是，哲学不仅仅是描述、思考、辩论。哲学应该像是体育竞技，需要投入实践。很多时候，我们只是知道「什么是正确的事情」，但我们却没有去行动。而我们应该做出改变，应该去尝试、去实践，哪怕会遭遇失败或痛苦；至少我们尝试后可以改善提升自己。而不仅仅停留在「哲学的理论层面」。

古希腊斯多葛学派哲学家爱比克泰德（《沉思录》的作者Epictetus，约55～约135年）认为，体育运动员是我们进行自我提升的典范。任何人，如果想变得更好、或想培养某项技能，都可以向自己的榜样学习。性格是通过行动、失败、再次行动的反复过程来建立的。正如通过跑步，你成为了更好的跑者，通过做勇敢和善意的事情，你成为了更勇敢更善意的人。开始行动起来吧。

其实，这跟 Derek Sivers 在 ANYTHING YOU WANT中 Ideas are just a multiplier of execution 的观点是一致的：开始行动。

总价值 = 想法 * 执行。

而执行价值百万。想法与执行的分数如下：

Ideas are worth nothing unless executed.
They are just a multiplier. Execution is worth millions.

AWFUL IDEA -1
WEAK IDEA 1
SO-SO IDEA 5
GOOD IDEA 10
GREAT IDEA 15
BRILLIANT IDEA 20

NO EXECUTION $1
WEAK EXECUTION $1000
SO-SO EXECUTION $10,000
GOOD EXECUTION $100,000
GREAT EXECUTION $1,000,000
BRILLIANT EXECUTION $10,000,000

最棒的想法0执行，价值仅20美元。最棒的想法很棒的执行价值是2000万美元。

所以，去执行吧！

3，🎵 今日份歌单

3.1，朴树的单曲《好好地》。
这首歌，比较明朗。
昨天一笔勾销吧。明天尽管来吧。

3.2，TWIN的单曲《明爱暗恋补习社》。
哈哈，其实在读书时代，我喜欢的少女组合是 TWINS，尽管她们的歌有点儿商业化，但很元气，也有少女的细腻敏感，还有女生之间的友谊。比如《朋友仔》这首歌。

3.3，TWIN的单曲《朋友仔》
这首歌讲女生的友情，首发于2002年的专辑 Happy Together。歌词提到了女生之间的小气与谅解。“你是未来滨崎步”。有时候，我们需要这样的温暖。

谢谢你读到这里。以上便是这是本期的「独来读趣」。欢迎与我交流。
630037446@qq.com
From MMMolly
晚安 🌙